What is “Big Body Play”?
According to Frances Carlson, author of a book of the same name:
Rolling, running, climbing, chasing, pushing, banging, tagging, falling, tumbling, rough-and-tumble, rowdy, roughhousing, horseplay, play-fighting. These are just some of the names that adults give to the boisterous, large motor, very physical activity that young children naturally seem to crave. All are forms of big body play—a play style that gives children the opportunities they need for optimum development across all domains from physical to cognitive and language to social and emotional.
In short, big body play is gross motor, and it is something that we do before we are born. Ask a pregnant woman, and she’ll tell you that her baby is twisting, turning, kicking, and punching! And this type of play and exploration isn’t limited to Homo sapiens—watch two puppies playing together, and you’re certain to see them wrestle, roll, and even bite. They are learning how to negotiate, move, problem solve, self-regulate, and our kids learn the same things when they engage in this type of play.
So why are we as adults so quick to intervene when we see two (or three, or four, or five) children begin to bring physical play into the classroom? The first and obvious answer is our fear of injury and keeping the children physically safe. It is our job, before anything, to keep the kids in our classroom protected from injury. However, in the classroom we each have rules and expectations for sensory play and for meal time behaviors, and if we set forth rules and expectations for big body play, the chances for injury greatly reduce. For example, if a child sees another child crying or becoming upset, they must freeze and evaluate why. Just like when two puppies are wrestling and one lets out a yip and runs away. Furthermore, we must also look at the environment in which our students are “big body playing” to ensure it allows for them to do so safely.
Another reason I think adults fear rough play are their notions that it is equal aggression. All children engage in some type of physical aggression at some point in time (e.g. biting when another child takes a toy), but this must be separated from aggressive, big body play. In fact, the latter can help suppress the former, as it gives children an outlet for the aggressive emotions they may be feeling.
So what are the teachers’ roles when it comes to facilitating big body play?
1.) Provide two kinds of physical activity, both structured and unstructured
- Infant teachers should interact with their students during physical activities, placing them in settings which encourage exploration
- Toddlers should have a minimum of 30 minutes structured gross motor play and a minimum of one hour of unstructured time
- Preschool & Pre-K aged students ought to have an equal hour of structured physical activities and an hour of unstructured gross motor time
2.) Supervise play constantly, watching and listening
3.) Engage female students, too! When I envision a group of students engaging in big body play, they are all male. It is just as important for our female students to wrestle, push, climb, and tumble!
Check out this video for a smile and some evidence
Carlson, Frances M. Big Body Play: Why Boisterous, Vigorous, and Very Physical Play Is Essential to Children’s Development and Learning. Washington, D.C.: National Association for the Education of Young Children, 2011. Print.